I'm an international businessperson and I also use trademarks to protect my business, but this misuse of trademarks in the U.S. to grab domain names is utter bullshit. As others have said, in may cases domain names have been held for years before someone comes along, trademarks a similar name and then tries to use that to grab a lucrative pre-existing domain name.
I've had issues with crackhead trademark holders in the U.S. attempting to scare me into giving up .com and .net domain names that I have held since the 1990's and that preceded their applications for trademarks.
One notable issue was with a small firm in eastern U.S.A. who specialised in one specific product line. They tried to cease-and-desist me into giving up a series of domain names I had held since the 1990's that had a similar and also same name and that DIDN'T trade globally in the same area they had trademarked. I had taken these domain names to develop a global portal and wanted to protect against scammers by locking in all similar domain names. This was back in the days when we had to pay over $100 per domain name (ahh, those halycon days when one company monopolised everything).
My argument against these U.S. idiots was that:
a) their trademark was only specific to one TM class, which I was not doing commerce in (trademarks have 40-odd different international classes - for the tm claim to succeed, the claimant would have to either hold all TM classes OR the relevant classes that you are trading under ie they hold a U.S. TM for clothes and you are selling clothes on your site using a domain name the same as their TM)
b) .com, .net, .org, etc domain names are NOT U.S.-specific and were never intended to be - hence the widespread international useage of .com and .net domain names. The domain .us is designed specifically for use by U.S.-based entities or citizens.
c) their trademark was only applicable to the U.S.
d) I hold various trademarks in my country for the same name and therefore I have prior and superior rights to trade under my domain name, as long as I don't trade in their specific product in the U.S. The simple way around this if you're worried that your website is being viewed in the U.S. and that you may infringe their trademark is to put a statement on your website saying that the (possibly infringing) products cannot be purchased by U.S. citizens.
e) I told them that if I ever decided to trade in the specific product they had the trademark for, then I wouldn't be stupid enough to think that I could use the same name as it was clear they had prior rights to that TM. Well I didn't quite use that phrase, but it was close enough.
f) I finished by saying that if they wished to continue the matter, then my lawyer (a highly-skilled IP lawyer in this country and a business partner) would pass the matter to his colleagues at **** (a highly-regarded IP law firm in LA) for continuance within the U.S
The long and the short of it is that you have to stand up to these blood-sucking clowns IF they really have no right to do this. Threaten lawsuits - you might find (as in the above case) that they may be small-time and that while they're happy to threaten you, they actually have no stomach for a fight when the situation is reversed. Typical school-yard bully stuff.
Some of the actions of these people is similar to that of racketeers - coercion, bullying, threats to gain something that they have no legal right to. Stand up to them.
If someone thratens to take you to WIPO, raise the stakes - research your opponent's case, then contract an IP lawyer to begin the litigation threat round of letters.
Know your opponent.
Do some reading and find out your rights regarding tradmearks and domain names.
Find a good IP lawyer (make sure they're specialists - don't use the lawyer you use for everyday divorce cases). Use them.
If someone has already registered the trademark, generally they may only have registered it in one class. Go and register it in another class to give you a claim. Fight them.
If you live and trade outside the U.S., get a trademark to protect yourself. Most U.S. trademark holders can't afford to hold trademarks outside one country - it's too expensive. However the big players do, so watch it.
On the other hand:
Don't infringe existing trademarks - be careful about this. The law is generally that anyone can register a trademark if it isn't already registered. So even if you've been running smartcalculators.com for 10 years, someone can still come along and attept to register it if you haven't already. However, as mentioned in other posts, you can oppose the application, but you don't have a long timeframe to do this. See above about yu registering a name.
Don't think you can take on the Macca's and the Coca-Cola's of the world. Certain companies DO pretty much have general claims to their trademark in all classes and you'd be a fool to think otherwise. This is nothing to do with big business etc - this is to do with the fact that they've spent years and money developing their brand strategy and they won't allow anyone to infringe. It's a bit like domain names really. If you want to develop a strong domain name strategy, you don't just grab the .com, do you?
Generic words CAN be trademarked, but only in classes where they don't have direct generic useage. So "calculator" cannot be registered in the class covering electronics, computers etc, but you could probably register it in say, pet food, as it doesn't describe a generic form of that class. See an expert lawyer OR read up.
Know when to fight and when not to. Litigation is costly. But it's usually the same for your opponent.
I've been applying for my TM's @ cipo. It's affordable, simple to do it yourself, just takes a while to finalize.
Does any one tm office hold any more clout than another ? Or is it the best choice to simply apply for your tm in your own country ? Is any one countries tm office quicker than the other ?
Kevin
It's faster and easier to do it in your own country. Registering overseas as well is a lot more expensive and has definite timelines, so you need to research that.
As I say, either read carefully and understand the regulations, or hire expert advice.